The Ainu Itaomachip

Saturday, February 28, 2015 0 comments
The Ainu people of Hokkaido, Japans northernmost large island, are culturally distinct from the Japanese. (See earlier post.) Frequently depicted as a primitive, hunting/gathering culture, the Ainu actually maintained a sophisticated trading economy prior to the 19th century.

The Ainu conducted trade with mainland Asia, especially with ports on the lower Amur River (now the border between northeastern China and Russia), as well as with Korea and with other parts of Japan. They used sewn-plank boats called itaomachip, built on an expanded dugout base and powered by both oars and sails as shown below. Some of the boats, at least, were about 50 feet long.
(Click to enlarge)
In this ca. 1798 illustration of an itaomachip, the rowers are Ainu and the passengers are Japanese merchants. Note the woven mat sail on an interesting double-mast rig. The masts can apparently be moved freely, tilting them forward or aft, relocating their bases forward or aft, and possibly even port to starboard. This might create a great deal of flexibility in the set of a very simple rig, ranging from squaresail to something approximating a fore-and-aft sail in a number of configurations.
Taking advantage of a law that banned almost all Japanese nationals from engaging in foreign trade, the Ainu exported their own products (furs, marine products), and acted as middlemen for Japanese merchants, exporting Japanese manufactured goods like pottery and ironware, and importing silk, glass and metal products, which the merchants sold for huge markups. But in 1809, this semi-black-market trade ended when the shogun decided to take over Japanese import/export activities for itself. It was then that the Ainu were forced into a life of subsistence foraging.

In 1989, after a gap of almost 200 years, three Ainu men built a 45-foot long itaomachip. Team leader Tokuhei Akibe initiated the project in 1988 as a means of reviving Ainu cultural heritage, enlisting the assistance of the National Museum of Ethnology in Osaka. The design was derived from old illustrations like the two shown here.
The plank stitches are clearer in this illustration. Note the elaborate decorations at both ends.
One of the first difficulties encountered was the acquisition of a katsura tree large enough to form the boats dugout base, requiring intense negotiations with the management of an experimental forest -- the only place in Hokkaido with a tree of the necessary 3 diameter. Hollowing the dugout, by alternately burning and chopping, took a full month. "Expanding" it by filling it with water, and then heating the water with hot rocks, was described as the most difficult part of the project. The sides were then raised with 16"-wide pine boards and sewn with 325 feet of hemp rope. (The two processes of expanding and extending the hull are common to many other dugout boats worldwide.) Sea trials confirmed the good handling and seaworthiness of the type.

The 1989 reproduction boat, looking mighty fine under sail. (It seems to be much smaller than the 45 LOA reported in the article cited here.) As of 1999, it was on display at the National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka.
Illustrations, photo, and information are from "Itaomachip: Reviving a Boat-Building and Trading Tradition," by Kazuyoshi Ohtsuka, in

Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People. Many thanks to Yoram Meroz for this article and his insights.

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Flats Fishing Boat

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The flats fishing boat offers a fishing platform with stability, pole-ability, and performance to match the needs of even the most demanding of anglers in shallow waters

The flat bottom boats are able to float and run on the shallowest of waters. Boats for flats might not give the maneuverability of a v-hull aluminum fishing boat and the journey can be that much wetter, but it is easier to jump up on shallow waters, and there is often generous storage and deck space to accommodate the fishing gear. A lot of these flat boats come fitted with a trolling motor.

Flats Cat, Calba Boats, Bay Craft, and Action Craft Boats all manufacturer a line of flats fishing boats to offer a stable, smooth, and dry journey in shallow estuaries, bays, or ponds. The flats can be outfitted with a choice of accessories. One popular item is the helm tower that are constructed in aluminum for a robust built, and able to hold up to two fisherman. And to offer protection its a wise choice to pick-up a custom cover for the off-season.

An alternative to the factory built flat boats is to take on a self build project - all thats needed is the initial effort, time, and the cost to construct a flats open cockpit boat or a more budget friendly outboard or row driven flat bottomed skiff. These do-it-yourself projects also give the option to outfit the craft with some choice features and accessories. Kits, patterns, and plans for the do-it-yourself enthusiast are available at a variety of sources online.

With a abundance of features to the anglers, the flats fishing boat offers the ideal fishing machine to run across a source of shallow water with ease.
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Ways To Boat Blind

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On that point are many different types of boat blinds.


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Temperance Design 387

Friday, February 27, 2015 0 comments

This is one of the designs we just dont have a picture of. Its really too bad as she is a nice looking boat. Temperance was built by the Kretzer Boat Works of City Island, New York and launched in 1941. I like the stern hung rudder.

Heres the general arrangement plan.


I have included this masthead detail only in that its a nice detailed drawing by Rod Stephens.


The design utilizes the same exact Lines Plan as design #172, Nugget, launched in 36. I have included the Lines Plan here as it is an extremely rare example of a set of lines developed by Rod Stephens.


And an article from Yachting magazine.


Incidentally we did find a couple of images of design #172, Nugget. Here they are.


This boat was also built by Kretzer. The only real changes I can see between the boats is the general arrangement (and the propeller on Temperance being on centerline and in an aperture). Heres the general arrangement for Nugget.


Principal Dimensions
LOA 33-4"
LWL 26-0"
Beam 10-1"
Draft 5-0"
Displacement 14,700 lbs
Ballast 5,660 lbs
Sail Area 503 sq ft
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Building A Duck Boat Blind

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PDF Plans Do It Yourself Boat Ramp Plans How To DIY Plans UK USA Australia

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How To DIY Plans UK USA Australia do it yourself boat ramp plans

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A new rig for a Goat Island Skiff Spruce for Roger Longs Yawl Dory and more Birdsmouth Masts and Spars

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The finished mast and spars delivered and stepped into John Goodmans Goat Island Skiff Yawl #1 in Houston, TX. John does the Texas 200 in a few weeks!





To find good spruce you need to go right to the source. I enjoyed some wonderful walking with a customer who is having a Yawldory by Roger Long, N.A., built and wanted the Spruce for the spars, masts, and oars (my job) to come from her friends land. We walked (i.e., bushwacked) and tagged a few nice Spruce trees.

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Birdsmouth Masts under construction for a Michael Storer Goat Island Skiff. With Michaels blessing, Clint drew a yawl rig for the boat.

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Posted


Varnishing the Sitka Spruce/Northern White Spruce Birdsmouth mast allows the grain of the Sitka to deepen and develop the contrasting lighter-colored Northern White Spruce. You get some of the benefits of Sitka for half the cost by mixing it with the local spruce we get hear in Maine and Canada.

The two masts are for the Goat Island Skiff, a birdsmouth on the left and a hollow-rectangular mast on the right. The mast on right is a customers that I took in to check for chafing and leathered the chafed areas to prevent more.
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